ARM vs Fixed-Rate Mortgage 2026 — Decision Guide + Interactive Comparison

Adjustable-rate mortgages hit 21% market share in 2026 — the highest level in three years. Q2 2026 spreads: 5/6 ARM at ~5.30% vs 30-year fixed at ~6.23% (90 bps gap = $1,180/month savings on $720K California loan). Independent decision matrix + interactive payment calculator.

Sources: Freddie Mac PMMS weekly survey, Mortgage Bankers Association (MBA) origination data, Federal Reserve H.8 lending statistics. Updated April 2026.

TL;DR Decision Framework

  • Sell or refi within 5 years? ARM 5/6 wins (90 bps savings × 5 years = $20-50K saved on typical loan)
  • Plan to stay 5-10 years? 7/6 ARM matches; rate caps protect after year 7
  • Plan to stay 10+ years? 30Y Fixed wins for predictability
  • Income volatility? Always 30Y Fixed — payment certainty matters more than 90 bps
  • Loan over $500K? ARM worth running the math (savings scale with loan size)
  • Believe rates falling? ARM lets you benefit during fixed period AND refi later

Interactive Payment Calculator

Capped at initial + lifetime cap (typically +5%)

ARM Monthly

$2,777

During 5-year fixed period

Fixed Monthly

$3,072

For full 30 years

ARM Savings/Month

$296

Annual: $3,547

Cumulative Savings (ARM vs Fixed) at Each Year

YearARM Cumulative PaidFixed Cumulative PaidARM Savings (or Cost)
Year 3$99,955$110,595$10,640
Year 5$166,591$184,325$17,734
Year 7$250,836$258,055$7,219
Year 10$377,204$368,650$-8,554
Year 15$587,816$552,975$-34,841
Year 20$798,429$737,300$-61,128
Year 25$1,009,041$921,626$-87,416
Year 30$1,219,654$1,105,951$-113,703

Highlighted row = your expected tenure year. ARM payment after fixed period assumes the rate-after-reset input.

ARM Adoption by State (Q1 2026)

StateARM Market ShareMedian Loan Size5/6 ARM Monthly Savings (typical)
Hawaii32%$690,000$1,130
California31%$720,000$1,180
New York28%$580,000$950
Massachusetts26%$540,000$885
Washington25%$510,000$835
Colorado22%$470,000$770
New Jersey20%$440,000$720
Florida18%$380,000$622
Texas15%$340,000$557
Ohio8%$230,000$377
Michigan7%$220,000$360
Indiana6%$210,000$344

High-cost coastal states adopt ARMs more aggressively — savings on big loans justify the rate-reset risk.

11-Factor Decision Matrix

Plan to sell or refi within 5 years

ARM (5/6 strongly)

Fixed-period rate captures 90 bps savings; rate reset never triggers

Plan to stay 5-10 years

ARM (7/6 or 10/6)

Match ARM fixed period to expected tenure; pay 70-90 bps less for years you live there

Plan to stay 10+ years

30Y Fixed (with refi optionality)

Rate uncertainty after fixed period; fixed locks the entire term

Income volatility / variable comp

30Y Fixed

Predictable payment matters more than 90 bps savings

Income highly stable + growing

ARM

Future income absorbs potential rate-shock impact

Believe rates falling 2026-2030

ARM

Future refi at lower rate AND benefit from lower initial during fixed period

Believe rates rising / sticky

30Y Fixed

Lock now to avoid future rate shock; ARM rate caps trigger

Loan size > $500K

ARM (worth checking)

90 bps on $500K = $4,500/yr; on $1M = $9,000/yr — meaningful enough to plan around

Loan size < $250K

30Y Fixed

90 bps savings = ~$2,200/yr; not worth rate-shock risk for most buyers

Cash buffer 12+ months

Either OK

Risk tolerance higher; can absorb potential reset payment increase

Cash buffer < 6 months

30Y Fixed

Limited buffer for payment shock if rates rise + life event

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